Broadcast groups

Overview

Agent group threads run multiple agents on the same inbound message, using the top-level broadcast config. Each agent runs in its own session. Channel-qualified entries can select participants by mention and allow a bounded number of follow-up rounds so agents can build on sibling replies.

Channel allowlists and group activation rules still apply. For qualified entries on Discord, Slack, and Telegram, an explicit mention of any configured participant can satisfy the room’s mention gate, even when that participant is not the ordinary routed agent. Legacy WhatsApp entries keep their existing admission behavior.

The live WhatsApp QA lane includes whatsapp-broadcast-group-fanout, which verifies that one mentioned group message can produce distinct visible replies from two configured agents.

Configuration

Agent group threads

Use a key in the form "<channel>:<peerId>", such as "discord:123456789", "slack:C0123", "telegram:-100123", or "whatsapp:1203@g.us". The value can be an agent ID array or a strict object:

{  agents: {    ownership: "explicit",    entries: {      reviewer: {        name: "Reviewer",        groupChat: { mentionPatterns: ["@reviewer\\b"] },      },      writer: {        name: "Writer",        groupChat: { mentionPatterns: ["@writer\\b"] },      },    },  },  bindings: [{ agentId: "reviewer", match: { channel: "telegram" } }],  broadcast: {    "telegram:-100123": {      agents: ["reviewer", "writer"],      mentionGating: true,      maxRounds: 2,      maxTurns: 4,    },  },}

The ordinary channel route still needs an agent; the binding above selects Reviewer for admission before group dispatch. After the room is allowed by its channel config, send @reviewer @writer Review this draft. Both participants can answer the initial message and, within the budget, add something new in one follow-up round. Send @writer to select only Writer for the initial round.

Unknown object fields are rejected. Qualified arrays use the same defaults: "slack:C0123": ["reviewer", "writer"] runs one initial round with mention selection. A qualified WhatsApp key takes precedence over an unqualified key for the same peer. Unqualified object entries are not supported.

maxTurns counts agent runs started by the coordinator, including runs that pass or fail. Slots are reserved synchronously before parallel launch, so parallel participants cannot overspend the budget. If the budget is smaller than the eligible participant count, configured order determines which turns start. A turn can produce multiple platform messages through chunks, previews, or message-tool sends. Those deliveries are governed by the agent run and channel transport; maxTurns does not count, buffer, or cap physical messages.

Telegram, Discord, and Slack disable their shared preview and progress drafts for qualified group threads so concurrent participants do not overwrite each other's drafts. Final replies, block replies, and message-tool sends remain available.

The default turn budget covers one turn per configured agent. To let every agent run twice, set maxRounds: 2 and maxTurns to twice the participant count.

Mention selection

Selection uses only explicit @-style matches in the current inbound text, computed once for the participant set. A name in prose or a bare emoji does not select a participant. Mention patterns resolve from the agent’s groupChat.mentionPatterns, then messages.groupChat.mentionPatterns, then its identity-derived patterns. Give participants distinct patterns when you want to address them separately.

With mentionGating: true, a match selects only the matching participants for round 1; no matches selects all. With mentionGating: false, all participants are selected. This option does not turn off the channel’s requireMention policy, sender allowlists, or command authorization.

Bounded follow-up rounds

After a completed round, another round can run only within both maxRounds and maxTurns. Eligible participants are those that produced a final reply in the previous round or were addressed by name in a sibling’s final reply. Each participant's final text is limited to 4,000 characters in the digest; the combined sibling text is limited to 16,000 characters. Each receives an attributed, size-bounded digest of sibling finals from that round, with an instruction to reply only when adding something new and otherwise return NO_REPLY. Passing does not produce a visible final reply.

All participants passing ends the thread. Reaching either limit or cancellation also stops further turns. Each continuation has its own internal identity; it is not a replay of the physical inbound message. Sequential strategy changes launch order within a round; it does not turn that round into a pipeline where each participant sees earlier replies from the same round.

Budget state is in memory, scoped to the channel, account, conversation, thread, and root inbound message. It is not restart-resumable: a Gateway restart loses the active round and budget state. Ordinary inbound deduplication remains a separate protection.

Participant labels

When a qualified entry configures more than one participant, Discord, Slack, and Telegram replies begin with the participant name in bold. The configured count controls labeling, even if mention selection, the turn budget, or silence leaves only one responder. WhatsApp presentation remains unchanged.

Basic setup

Legacy single-pass setup uses unqualified WhatsApp peer IDs as keys and arrays of agent IDs as values:

• group chats: group JID (e.g. 120363403215116621@g.us)
• DMs: sender E.164 phone number (e.g. +15551234567)

{  "broadcast": {    "120363403215116621@g.us": ["alfred", "baerbel", "assistant3"]  }}

Result: when OpenClaw would reply in this chat, it runs all three agents.

Every listed agent ID must exist in the configured roster: config validation rejects unknown IDs in both arrays and objects. Deleting an agent prunes it from both forms.

Runtime membership uses the canonical agents.entries roster when present, including an empty roster. Legacy agents.list is used only when agents.entries is absent.

Processing strategy

broadcast.strategy sets how agents process the message:

{  "broadcast": {    "strategy": "sequential",    "120363403215116621@g.us": ["alfred", "baerbel"]  }}

Complete example

{  "agents": {    "entries": {      "code-reviewer": {        "default": true,        "name": "Code Reviewer",        "workspace": "/path/to/code-reviewer",        "sandbox": { "mode": "all" }      },      "security-auditor": {        "name": "Security Auditor",        "workspace": "/path/to/security-auditor",        "sandbox": { "mode": "all" }      },      "docs-generator": {        "name": "Documentation Generator",        "workspace": "/path/to/docs-generator",        "sandbox": { "mode": "all" }      }    }  },  "broadcast": {    "strategy": "parallel",    "120363403215116621@g.us": ["code-reviewer", "security-auditor", "docs-generator"]  }}

How it works

Message flow

Session isolation

Each agent in a broadcast group maintains completely separate:

• Session keys (agent:alfred:whatsapp:group:120363... vs agent:baerbel:whatsapp:group:120363...)
• Conversation history (sibling replies are shared only through bounded follow-up digests)
• Workspace (separate sandboxes if configured)
• Tool access (different allow/deny lists)
• Memory/context (separate IDENTITY.md, SOUL.md, etc.)

On Discord, Slack, and Telegram, reply delivery and completion hooks use the responding participant's session, and local media resolves with that participant's media roots. This also applies to qualified entries with one participant, whose replies do not have a participant name label.

On WhatsApp, one input is shared on purpose: the group context buffer (recent group messages used for context) is shared per peer, so all broadcast agents see the same context when triggered. It is cleared once after the fan-out completes.

This allows each agent to have different personalities, models, skills, and tool access (for example read-only vs. read-write).

Example: isolated sessions

In group 120363403215116621@g.us with agents ["alfred", "baerbel"]:

Session: agent:alfred:whatsapp:group:120363403215116621@g.usHistory: [user message, alfred's previous responses]Workspace: ~/openclaw-alfred/Tools: read, write, exec

Session: agent:baerbel:whatsapp:group:120363403215116621@g.usHistory: [user message, baerbel's previous responses]Workspace: ~/openclaw-baerbel/Tools: read only

Use cases

• Specialized agent teams: a dev group where code-reviewer, security-auditor, test-generator, and docs-checker each answer the same message from their own angle.
• Multi-language support: one support chat with support-en, support-de, support-es responding in their languages.
• Quality assurance: support-agent answers while qa-agent reviews and only responds when it finds issues.
• Task automation: task-tracker, time-logger, and report-generator all consume the same status update.

Best practices

{  "agents": {    "entries": {      "security-scanner": { "default": true, "name": "Security Scanner" },      "code-formatter": { "name": "Code Formatter" },      "test-generator": { "name": "Test Generator" }    }  }}

{  "agents": {    "entries": {      "reviewer": {        "default": true,        "tools": { "allow": ["read", "exec"] }      },      "fixer": { "tools": { "allow": ["read", "write", "edit", "exec"] } }    }  }}

Compatibility

Providers

Channel-qualified entries use the shared core dispatch path across channel plugins. Discord, Slack, and Telegram additionally support participant mention admission and name labels. Legacy unqualified entries apply only to WhatsApp (web channel).

Routing

Broadcast groups work alongside existing routing:

{  "bindings": [    {      "match": { "channel": "whatsapp", "peer": { "kind": "group", "id": "GROUP_A" } },      "agentId": "alfred"    }  ],  "broadcast": {    "GROUP_B": ["agent1", "agent2"]  }}

• GROUP_A: only alfred responds (normal routing).
• GROUP_B: agent1 AND agent2 respond (broadcast).

Troubleshooting

openclaw logs --follow | grep -i broadcast

Examples

{  "broadcast": {    "strategy": "parallel",    "120363403215116621@g.us": [      "code-formatter",      "security-scanner",      "test-coverage",      "docs-checker"    ]  },  "agents": {    "entries": {      "code-formatter": {        "default": true,        "workspace": "~/agents/formatter",        "tools": { "allow": ["read", "write"] }      },      "security-scanner": {        "workspace": "~/agents/security",        "tools": { "allow": ["read", "exec"] }      },      "test-coverage": {        "workspace": "~/agents/testing",        "tools": { "allow": ["read", "exec"] }      },      "docs-checker": { "workspace": "~/agents/docs", "tools": { "allow": ["read"] } }    }  }}

{  "broadcast": {    "strategy": "sequential",    "+15555550123": ["detect-language", "translator-en", "translator-de"]  },  "agents": {    "entries": {      "detect-language": { "default": true, "workspace": "~/agents/lang-detect" },      "translator-en": { "workspace": "~/agents/translate-en" },      "translator-de": { "workspace": "~/agents/translate-de" }    }  }}

API reference

Config schema

type BroadcastGroupConfig = {  agents: string[];  mentionGating?: boolean;  maxRounds?: number;  maxTurns?: number;}; type BroadcastConfig = {  strategy?: "parallel" | "sequential";  [key: string]: string[] | BroadcastGroupConfig | "parallel" | "sequential" | undefined;};

Fields

Limitations

1. Shared context: follow-up digests contain bounded sibling finals, not full sibling sessions or tool histories.
2. Message ordering: parallel responses may arrive in any order.
3. Rate limits: participants share the channel account’s transport limits; one turn can produce several platform messages.
4. Recovery: round and turn-budget state is in memory and cannot resume after a Gateway restart.
5. Control UI: a dedicated team-thread session is not yet available. Each participant keeps its own session.

Related

• Channel routing
• Groups
• Multi-agent sandbox tools
• Pairing
• Session management